Efficient ways of storing instant solar energy available in form of irradiation, wind, waves, tides, etc., are fundamental ingredients for the transition to what is called “renewable energy.$rdquo; Batteries play a major role in energy storage. Battery technology is evolving very fast. The Community of Practice in this VCC is engaged in conceptual developments for the use of batteries in many different applications. The goal is to ensure that batteries meet all requirements of a decentralized societal energy system for energy storage with minimal impact on the environment in a truly circular economy.